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 * __//Three Boundaries of our Dynamic Earth//__

__Convergent Boundaries__**- are where plate serving landmasses collide, crust crumples and buckles into mountain ranges. As the mash-up continues the mountains get higher. Convergent boundaries occur where a plate of ocean dives, a process called **subduction**. When the overlying plate lifts up, it forms mountain ranges. There are three types of convergent boundaries. They are oceanic-oceanic, oceanic-continental, and continental-continental.India and Asia crashed about 55 million years ago giving the rise to the Himalayas which is the highest mountain system on Earth. India and Asia were formed from the Indian Plate and the Eurasian Plate. The Himalayas and Mount Everest are an example of the continental-continental convergent boundary. The oceanic-continental convergent boundary would be how volcanoes are formed. An example of an oceanic-oceanic convergent boundary would be how our islands are formed such as Japan or Hawaii. The Pacific Plate formed Hawaii and the Philippine Plate formed Japan. Scientists believe Japan formed from underwater bumps forming islands. There is usually a trench at this boundary. An example of this boundary would be the Mariana Trench which is located in the North Pacific Ocean which is also the deepest point on Earth. The Juan De Fuca Plate and the Pacific Plate formed the Mariana Trench.



__Examples of Transform Boundaries:__ California's San Audrea's Fault-Formed from the Juan De Fuca Plate. New Zealand's Alpine Fault-Formed from the Australian Plate. Turkey's North Anatolian Fault-Formed by the Arabian Plate and the Eurasian Plate. Indonesia's Great Sumatran Fault-Formed from the Philippine Plate and the Capricorn Plate. Middle East's Dead Sea Transform Fault- Formed from the Arabian Plate and the Eurasian Plate.
 * __Transform Boundaries-__** is when two plates slide past each other. As the two plates slide past one another, in a Transform Boundary, neither plate is added to the boundary or destroyed. Most transform boundaries are found on the ocean floor, where they often offset active spreading ridges to form a zigzag plate boundary.The traction between the two plates cause large cracks. The most famous transform boundaries are found on land for example California's San Audreas Fault. The Transform Fault is formed between two different plates, which each of them, move away from the spreading center of a divergent plate boundary. The San Audrea's Fault connects a divergent boundary on the land in the Gulf of California with the Cascadia subduction zone. As a result of the two plates pushing against each other, massive amounts of energy build up. The energy is then suddenly released in the form of large earthquakes.Transform Faults are reoccuring earthquakes from their activity and faulting. The earthquakes are usually shallow because they occur within and between plates that are not involved in subduction. Although earthquakes can be very large also. A large earthquake devastated San Francisco in 1906 by the haulting motion that often triggers large earthquakes from the Transform Boundary.[[image:sanandreasfault1.jpg width="219" height="374" align="right"]]


 * __Divergent Boundaries-__** are when magma rises and pushes plates apart. Mountains and volcanoes rise along the seam. This process renews the ocean floor and widens the giant basins. In Africa the Great Rift Valley formed from plates being pulled apart. The mid-ocean ridge marks the boundary between the plates. The mid-ocean ridge system is the total longest mountain range (60,000 km)and is formed from the Eurasian Plate. Divergent Boundaries most often take place at ocean ridges, but can also form on continents.The mid-ocean ridges are zones of intense volcanic activity and consist of thousands of individual volcanoes or volcanic ridge segments which periodically erupt or emerge. If plates continue to diverge millions of years from now, Eastern Africa will split from the rest of the continent to form a new landmass.

__Examples of Divergent Boundaries:__
 * East Africa and Saudi Arabia have been tearing apart from each other, which has formed and continues to add upon the Red Sea. These two plates pushing away from each other forming a third in the middle which is called a triple junction.-Formed from the Arabian Plate.
 * In Ethiopia, researchers have confirmed that a 35 mile rift will eventually become a new ocean. This rift took a matter of days to form.-Formed from the Somali Plate.
 * The Wells-Gray-Clearwater Volcanic Field in east-central British, Columbia, Canada-Formed from the North American Plate and the Juan De Fuca Plate.
 * Rio Grande Rift located in North America-Formed from the North American Plate.[[image:divergentboundary1.jpg width="418" height="192" align="right"]]



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//Mid Ocean Ridge//. 2009. Web. 16 Nov. 2009. [].

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//Giant Crack in Africa Will Create a New Ocean//[]

//Ghandrava Chuli //. 2007. //Flickr //. Web. 3 Nov. 2009. <[]>.

Shaw, Cindy.2005. McGraw Hill Higher Education. //Science-Art //. Web. 4 Nov. 2009. <[]>.

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//A Continental-Ocean Transform Boundary //<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 14px;">. 1999. //<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 14px;">Transform Margins //<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 14px;">. Web. 4 Nov.2009.<[]>.